What does the term 'cytokinin' refer to in plant biology?

The term 'cytokinin' in plant biology refers to a type of hormone that plays a crucial role in promoting cell division, particularly in the plant shoots and roots. Cytokinins are known to stimulate the growth of lateral buds and delay leaf senescence, thereby enhancing the process of cell proliferation. This function is vital for plant development, allowing for new cells to form, which contributes to overall growth and repair.

Cytokinins work in conjunction with other plant hormones, such as auxins, to balance various growth processes. Their ability to promote cell division is essential for various developmental stages, including seed germination and the formation of new organs. Understanding this hormone's role offers insights into how plants adapt and grow in response to their environment, further highlighting its importance in plant biology.