Which form of navigation is best associated with nocturnal animals?

Nocturnal animals are best associated with stellar navigation because they often rely on the position of stars to orient themselves during the night. This type of navigation is particularly useful in low-light conditions when other cues, such as the sun or visual landmarks, are not available. Animals like migratory birds utilize constellations and the movements of celestial bodies to guide them during their nocturnal journeys, allowing for accurate long-distance travel.

Other forms of navigation have different advantages and contexts that do not align as well with the behavior of nocturnal animals. For instance, magnetic navigation involves sensing the Earth’s magnetic field and is more commonly used by animals during the day or at any time when visibility is available. Auditory navigation may refer to using sounds for navigation, which can be effective in specific environments but is also less reliable for long journeys in the dark. Solar navigation relies on the position of the sun, making it unsuitable for nocturnal animals that are active after sunset.